Mango plant Kensington variety

Characteristics of the Kensington variety mango plant

Native to Australia, the Kensington variety is highly prized for its resistance to different climatic conditions and adaptability. The mango plant is an evergreen tree that can reach considerable heights, up to 15-20 meters in optimal conditions, but can be kept more compact through regular pruning. It has a dense and rounded foliage, with large and leathery leaves, bright dark green in color, which can exceed 30 cm in length.

During flowering, Kensington mangoes produce showy panicles composed of small whitish or pinkish flowers. The fruit is oval and medium-large in size (300-500 g), with a thin and smooth green skin, which turns to orange-red as it ripens. The flesh is yellow, juicy and fiber-free, with a sweet and aromatic flavor, much appreciated in international markets. The stone, placed in the center of the fruit, is flat and medium-sized.

Ideal climate for Kensington mangoes

Kensington mangoes grow best in tropical and subtropical climates, but it is also known for its ability to adapt to more temperate climates than other mango varieties. Ideal temperatures for growth and fruiting range between 25°C and 35°C, although the tree can tolerate slightly higher temperatures. It is sensitive to frost, so it is not suitable for regions with harsh winters. Prolonged exposure to temperatures below 5°C can seriously damage the plant.

Kensington mangoes prefer well-drained, organically rich soils with a neutral or slightly acidic pH. The tree tolerates drought well, but produces better fruit if it receives regular watering during the dry season, especially in the months leading up to fruiting. Too high relative humidity during flowering can reduce pollination capacity, so a dry climate is preferable at this stage.

Most common Kensington mango diseases and how to prevent and counteract them

1. Anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)

   • Description: Anthracnose is one of the most prevalent fungal diseases affecting mangoes, especially during flowering and fruit development. It causes black spots on leaves, flowers, and fruits, leading to premature fruit falls or post-harvest rot.
   • Prevention and control:
     • Prune the tree regularly to improve air circulation.
     • Avoid watering from above, which increases moisture on the leaves and fruits.
     • Use copper-based fungicides or strobilurins in wetter periods and during flowering.

2. Powdery mildew (Erysiphe spp.)

   • Description: This fungal disease causes a powdery white patina on the leaves and developing fruits, causing deformation and reducing the quality of the fruit.
   • Prevention and control:
     • Avoid excess moisture on the leaves.
     • Use sulfur-based products or other specific fungicides.
     • Monitor the ambient humidity and reduce it, if possible, in protected crops.

3. Fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis)

   • Description: The larvae of this insect attack mango fruits, causing internal damage and their premature fall.
   • Prevention and control:
     • Install attractive traps to catch adults.
     • Collect and destroy fallen fruits.
     • Use specific insecticides in the presence of significant infestations.

4. Black Flower Disease (Aspergillus niger)

   • Description: This fungus mainly attacks the inflorescences, causing them to blacken and reduce fruiting.
   • Prevention and control:
     • Avoid overwatering and moisture on the buds.
     • Use copper-based fungicides or other specific products during the flowering phase.

Tips on How to Grow Kensington Mango

• Exposure: Kensington mango requires full sun to produce high-quality fruit. Plant the tree in a sunny location, possibly protected from strong winds that could damage the branches and flowers.
• Soil: Make sure the soil is well-drained, as mangoes do not tolerate waterlogging. If the soil is clay or heavy, improve its structure with sand and organic matter.
• Watering: During the first few years, the Kensington mango requires regular watering, especially during the dry season. However, once well established, the plant is relatively drought-tolerant.
• Fertilization: Apply balanced fertilizers with a good percentage of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). An organic fertilizer made from well-rotted manure or compost can be administered twice a year, in spring and fall.
• Pruning: Prune the tree regularly to maintain a compact shape and promote better penetration of light and airflow into the canopy. Pruning must be carried out after harvesting to avoid compromising subsequent flowering.
• Pollination: The Kensington mango is self-fertile, so it can bear fruit even without the presence of other trees nearby. However, better pollination can be ensured by the presence of bees and other pollinating insects.

Frequently Asked Questions & Answers

1. How long does it take for Kensington mango to fruit?
Kensington mangoes take about 3-5 years to start producing fruit if planted from seed, while if purchased already grafted, it can bear fruit within 2-3 years.

2. Can I grow Kensington mango in pots?
Yes, it is possible to grow Kensington mangoes in pots, especially in the early years. However, you need a very large and well-drained container. Over time, the plant may outgrow the pot, and you will need to move it to the ground.

3. When is the best time to plant Kensington Mango?
The best time to plant Kensington mango is in the spring or early summer, when temperatures are rising and the risk of frost is minimal. Planting the tree during this time allows it to stabilize before the summer heat.

4. How do I know if my Kensington Mango is ready to be harvested?
The Kensington mango fruit is ready to harvest when the skin begins to change color, turning from green to a slightly reddish, and the fruit becomes slightly soft to the touch. However, mangoes can also be harvested slightly unripe and left to ripen at room temperature.

5. How long does a Kensington mango plant live?
If well cared for, a Kensington mango tree can live and produce fruit for over 40 to 50 years.

6. What is the recommended planting distance for Kensington mango?
Kensington mango trees should be planted at least 10 meters apart, as they can develop a wide canopy and require space to grow.

The Kensington variety mango is an excellent choice for those who want a productive, robust fruit tree with excellent quality fruit. Adaptable to different climatic conditions, with the right care and attention, this tree can give an abundant harvest for many years.

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